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Zhang Minqing,Zhang Mei
Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 12, Pages 26-34
Qiyue Mountain Tunnel F11 fault on Yichang-Wuanzhou Railway is formed by breccia, broken rocks and fault gouge composition. It is rich in high-pressure water, with the biggest single whole water inflow of 1 800 m3/h and water pressure of 2.5 MPa. In earlier stage, F11 fault followed the principle of "mainly blocking up and limiting discharge" and grouted the whole cross-section, the construction quantity was huge and the progress was slow. To overcome F11 fault early, the construction technology of "grouting to make solid, using water segrating, excavating and sealing quickly, strengthening monitoring and managing comprehensively" was proposed and whole cross-section grouting was changed into "outside block and inside strengthen grouting" . The common design for high-pressure water-rich fault is thicker reinforced ring and stronger reinforced body. While "outside block and inside solid grouting" assumes the distribution of surrounding rock, water quantity and pressures is uneven, then finds out weak water area and strong water area through advanced prospecting holes, and adopts normal grouting for weak water area and strengthened grouting for strong water area, following the principle of "blocking cracks to reduce water quantity, strengthening supporting rock and improving strata" . Firstly, unconstrained grouting is used through area location holes to effectively control water quantity in strata, then grouting is adopted abiding by the principle of "appropriate drawing pace, blocking water flow, from outside to inside, finding water source by interval holes, and adding holes in necessary areas" . Engineering practices show that "outside block and inside solid grouting" can effectively blocking water and strengthen. The grouting holes and grouting quantity of "outside block and inside solid grouting" are 50 % less than those of whole cross section grouting, and the grouting speed is 80 % higher when water quantity is large, at least 50 % higher in usual condition.
Keywords： high-pressure water-rich fault unevenness blocking water and strengthen by grouting outside block
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